Primary analysis
Each cluster within current pollutant exposures
CUR6_BC_PAH6 – Black carbon (BC) and 6 PAHs
CUR6_PAH31 – a large cluster of 31 PAHs
CUR6_NkF – NkF only
CUR6_PM_RET – Particulate matter (PM) and retene
CUR6_NO2 – NO2 only
CUR6_SO2 – SO2 only
Summary the exposure estimates:
| Characteristic | Overall, N = 1121 | Smokeles, N = 171 | Smoky, N = 871 | Wood_and_or_Plant, N = 81 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CUR6_BC_PAH6 | 0.79 (-0.5, 0.8) | -1.32 (-1.4, -0.9) | 0.80 (-0.2, 1.1) | 0.69 (0.1, 0.7) |
| (Missing) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| CUR6_PAH31 | 0.38 (-0.4, 0.6) | -1.14 (-1.4, -0.5) | 0.46 (-0.1, 0.6) | 0.75 (0.4, 0.8) |
| (Missing) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| CUR6_NkF | -0.40 (-0.6, 0.7) | 0.06 (-0.2, 0.3) | -0.51 (-0.6, 0.9) | 0.74 (-0.2, 0.7) |
| (Missing) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| CUR6_PM_RET | -0.32 (-0.5, 0.4) | -0.04 (-0.9, 0.3) | -0.32 (-0.5, 0.1) | 2.49 (0.9, 2.6) |
| (Missing) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| CUR6_NO2 | 0.06 (-0.4, 0.8) | 1.00 (0.6, 1.4) | -0.06 (-0.5, 0.5) | 0.63 (-0.2, 1.3) |
| (Missing) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| CUR6_SO2 | -0.30 (-0.9, 0.3) | 1.37 (0.2, 1.5) | -0.30 (-0.9, 0.1) | -1.00 (-1.3, -0.9) |
| (Missing) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| 1 Median (IQR) | ||||
In this section, we perform the generalized estimating equations (GEE) to evaluate the associations between each cluster within current pollutant exposures and each Epigenetic Age Acceleration with the formula: \[ \begin{aligned} Y = & \beta_0 + \beta_1 * X \\ & + \beta_2 * county + \beta_3 * BMI + \beta_4 * ses + \beta_5 * edu + \epsilon \end{aligned} \] where \(Y\) is one of the epigenetic age accelerations and X is one of the cluster estimates.
Results:
## The estimated effect of PAH31, PM_RET, and SO2:
## - PAH31:
## coefficient std ci_lower
## AgeAccelerationResidual 0.179918947 0.599591480222213 -0.99528035
## AgeAccelerationResidualHannum -0.217507058 0.531916739029904 -1.26006387
## AgeAccelPheno 0.056370845 0.423703761684977 -0.77408853
## DNAmAgeSkinBloodClockAdjAge 0.328123856 0.40250386417309 -0.46078372
## AgeAccelGrim 0.956799062 0.243092957560821 0.48033687
## DNAmTLAdjAge -0.009575373 0.0179803463468376 -0.04481685
## IEAA 0.155478006 0.62280399099832 -1.06521782
## EEAA -0.314671432 0.655776990464098 -1.59999433
## ci_upper p_val sig_level
## AgeAccelerationResidual 1.35511825 0.764124357900777 > 0.05
## AgeAccelerationResidualHannum 0.82504975 0.682604352090157 > 0.05
## AgeAccelPheno 0.88683022 0.894159326536994 > 0.05
## DNAmAgeSkinBloodClockAdjAge 1.11703143 0.414953989697454 > 0.05
## AgeAccelGrim 1.43326126 0.0000828720085680468 <= 0.001
## DNAmTLAdjAge 0.02566611 0.594347444217059 > 0.05
## IEAA 1.37617383 0.802864249566636 > 0.05
## EEAA 0.97065147 0.631337479666618 > 0.05
## - PM_RET:
## coefficient std ci_lower
## AgeAccelerationResidual 0.282919687 0.542164666743684 -0.77972306
## AgeAccelerationResidualHannum -0.594253439 0.460423468427906 -1.49668344
## AgeAccelPheno -0.881989598 0.473846932830101 -1.81072959
## DNAmAgeSkinBloodClockAdjAge -0.531613969 0.512932496910287 -1.53696166
## AgeAccelGrim 0.711691043 0.40021179155664 -0.07272407
## DNAmTLAdjAge 0.001229371 0.0248350912146731 -0.04744741
## IEAA 0.474001722 0.478377520236743 -0.46361822
## EEAA -0.638737934 0.641835464350397 -1.89673544
## ci_upper p_val sig_level
## AgeAccelerationResidual 1.34556243 0.601786260868562 > 0.05
## AgeAccelerationResidualHannum 0.30817656 0.196819125638972 > 0.05
## AgeAccelPheno 0.04675039 0.0626963719514023 > 0.05
## DNAmAgeSkinBloodClockAdjAge 0.47373373 0.300005816164569 > 0.05
## AgeAccelGrim 1.49610615 0.0753568875564365 > 0.05
## DNAmTLAdjAge 0.04990615 0.960519732149546 > 0.05
## IEAA 1.41162166 0.321757445681559 > 0.05
## EEAA 0.61925958 0.319651669252432 > 0.05
## - SO2:
## coefficient std ci_lower
## AgeAccelerationResidual -0.286994938 0.543044412814683 -1.35136199
## AgeAccelerationResidualHannum -0.442858254 0.561931764100675 -1.54424451
## AgeAccelPheno -0.404952248 0.535295944166972 -1.45413230
## DNAmAgeSkinBloodClockAdjAge -0.497489520 0.479474618041692 -1.43725977
## AgeAccelGrim -0.656941440 0.335913147267288 -1.31533121
## DNAmTLAdjAge 0.002136417 0.0211895357252557 -0.03939507
## IEAA -0.538808790 0.497541485975896 -1.51399010
## EEAA -0.642248687 0.663793000788145 -1.94328297
## ci_upper p_val sig_level
## AgeAccelerationResidual 0.777372111 0.597157501311889 > 0.05
## AgeAccelerationResidualHannum 0.658528003 0.430638390917507 > 0.05
## AgeAccelPheno 0.644227802 0.449348502282295 > 0.05
## DNAmAgeSkinBloodClockAdjAge 0.442280731 0.299469280072043 > 0.05
## AgeAccelGrim 0.001448329 0.0505018741633129 > 0.05
## DNAmTLAdjAge 0.043667907 0.919690048026774 > 0.05
## IEAA 0.436372523 0.278833973504954 > 0.05
## EEAA 0.658785595 0.333272343656849 > 0.05